Parwana: Directed by Jyoti Swaroop. With Navin Nischol, Amitabh Bachchan, Yogeeta Bali, Om Prakash. Kumar Sen is an artist of eminence, a talented painter, and a renowned sculptor; and like the majority of his clan, he has a sensitive introvert.In the novel, ‘Parvana’ by Deborah Ellis, many characters experience change. Change is often thought of a process where a person or thing transform/convert to be different or becomes from one thing to another. It also means that to substitute another or other for exchange for something else, usually of the same kind. Parvana is the protagonist; the antagonists include the Taliban and Parvana's older sister. Major Conflict The novel's major conflict is that Parvana must disguise herself as a boy to make money to support her mother, older sister, and two younger siblings; Parvana is always under threat from the Taliban, who decree that women and girls must ... wherever Parvana went, there was Nooria. Both of Parvana's parents had come from old respected Afghan families. With their education, they had earned high salaries. They had had a big house with a courtyard, a couple of servants, a television set, a refrigerator, a car. Nooria had had her own room. Parvana had shared a roomThe Breadwinner Quotes. “it made her angry, and since she could do nothing with her anger, it made her sad.”. “These are unusual times. They call for ordinary people to do unusual things, just to get by.”. “We have to remember this,” Parvana said. “When things get better and we grow up, we have to remember that there was a day ... Feb 26, 2016 · Essay, Pages 14 (3260 words) Views. 1186. The book Parvana is about an 11-year-old girl living in Afghanistan, under the extreme Taliban regime. The Taliban ban women from going outside without a man and Afghan women are forced to wear the burqa at all times in public. Her family lost almost everything due to the bombings/wars in Afghanistan. Analysis. Parvana whispers and confirms that the girl is Shauzia. Shauzia says her name now is Shafiq and Parvana says that she’s Kaseem. Shauzia says that she’s working, the same as Parvana, and promises to come back later. Stunned, Parvana watches Shauzia for a while and then decides she could put Shauzia in danger by staring. Parvana of Afghanistan is the Anne of Green Gables of the 21st century. This is a wonderful book about Afghanistan at this time as seen through the eyes of a teen-age girl as she tries to help her mother establish a school for girls.Parvana lets out a gasp when she sees the boy’s face: the tea boy is Shauzia, a girl from her class. Chapter nine begins with Parvana whispering Shauzia’s name; she says to call her Shafiq. Shauzia says she’s doing the same thing as Parvana. Parvana sits stunned as she watches her friend blend into the crowd of tea boys.PRAVANA is a leading line of hair color, care and style products for salon professionals.Everyone at Parvana is free to explore and work the way you want. Come join us!Malali Symbol Analysis. The historical figure Malali symbolizes Parvana ’s vision of how she’d like to be seen as an Afghan woman: strong, courageous, and capable of creating change in her country. Malali was a 19th-century young woman who inspired Afghan troops and led them to victory during the war with the British, and Father tells ...47120972. Followed by. Parvana's Journey. The Breadwinner, also known as Parvana, [1] is a children's novel by Deborah Ellis, [2] first published in 2001. As of October 2013, the English-language edition of the book has had a run of 39 editions. The title of the book refers to the role of the protagonist, 11-year-old Parvana, who is forced by ... Parvana Health & Fitness, Airdrie, Alberta. 50 likes. A health and fitness business in Airdrie, AB offering face-to-face group exercise classes for 40+. Summary. Parvana and her mother arrive home from the prison very late. Parvana’s feet are covered in broken blisters, bloody and raw. Her mother’s feet are even worse. She hasn’t been out of the house since the Taliban took over Kabul. Parvana recalls an argument her parents often had, in which her father tried to get her mother to leave ...Parvana 's Journey Deborah Ellis novel study includes all lessons necessary to have a successful novel study unit including test, questions, activities, essay, worksheets, journal responses, etc. Your students will enjoy the rigor and creativity of this lesson built on best teaching practices.⭐Featured:90 Pages of solid curriculumVocabulary ...Sep 25, 2012 · Parvana was, by far, the bravest girl I have read about. She does whatnot for the safety of everyone. I loved how Parvana let her silence make her imagination run wild and how she gave immense importance to reading and writing. She was a brilliant, brave and beautiful human being. Father Character Analysis. During the bombing in Kabul, Parvana ’s father lost one of his legs and suffered internal damage that Parvana doesn’t entirely understand, so he is often tired. Because he sold his prosthesis, he relies on a walking stick to travel short distances and Parvana to help him travel longer distances. The Breadwinner Summary. The Breadwinner opens with eleven-year-old Parvana and her father at a market in Kabul, Afghanistan. She sits silently with her face covered in a chador scarf while her father, who has difficulty walking and needs her assistance, tries to sell off some of the family's household goods. He also reads letters for a fee, as ...Parvana of Afghanistan is the Anne of Green Gables of the 21st century. This is a wonderful book about Afghanistan at this time as seen through the eyes of a teen-age girl as she tries to help her mother establish a school for girls.The Parvana team share in the same values. Our team is dedicated and committed to finding you your dream job. We have hired the best recruitment agents in Cape Town & the UK to work together to achieve ...Father Character Analysis. During the bombing in Kabul, Parvana ’s father lost one of his legs and suffered internal damage that Parvana doesn’t entirely understand, so he is often tired. Because he sold his prosthesis, he relies on a walking stick to travel short distances and Parvana to help him travel longer distances.Chapter 2 Parvana completes her chores and helps to prepare dinner, and her father tells the story of Malali. Taliban soldiers burst in and take Parvana’s father away, beating and terrorizing the rest of the family as they do so. Chapter 3 Parvana and her mother go to the prison and demand her father’s release, but are beaten by Parvana relates a story about the mountain. She asked her father what the mountain name was and he answered: "Mount Parvana" (1.52). Father told her that people name mountains, so that's what he named this one; the whole liked that. Parvana sees a young Talib man holding a rope strung with four severed hands, like beads on a necklace. In chapter twelve Parvana stays home for a few days, wanting not to see anything ugly for a little while. Mother and Mrs. Weera heard about the stadium event: it goes on every Friday. Parvana wonders if her father will be taken there.Parvana is a minor character in The Loud House, who made her first appearance in "Stage Plight". Appearance [ ] She has light skin, a beauty mark on her face, and pink lipstick.Parvana notices a tear in the soldier’s eye. He says that his wife is dead. He found the letter in her things and wanted to know what it said. Remembering what Father did, Parvana asks if she should write a reply. The soldier shakes his head and pays Parvana. He walks away. Parvana is confused.The Breadwinner, also known as Parvana, is a children's novel by Deborah Ellis published in 2000. In 1996, Ellis spent several months visiting women and girls living in Pakistan's refugee camps ...Parvana of Afghanistan is the Anne of Green Gables of the 21st century. This is a wonderful book about Afghanistan at this time as seen through the eyes of a teen-age girl as she tries to help her mother establish a school for girls.Parvana is a minor character in The Loud House, who made her first appearance in "Stage Plight". Appearance [] She has light skin, a beauty mark on her face, and pink ... Parvana is the protagonist; the antagonists include the Taliban and Parvana's older sister. Major Conflict The novel's major conflict is that Parvana must disguise herself as a boy to make money to support her mother, older sister, and two younger siblings; Parvana is always under threat from the Taliban, who decree that women and girls must ... Apr 2, 2020 · Aman Parvana didn’t know gave one final pat to the dirtmounded up over her father’s grave. The village mullah had already recited the jenazah, the prayer for the dead. The funeral service was over. Small, sharp stones dug into Parvana’s knees as she knelt at the edge of the grave and placed the large stones she had gathered around it. She What was Parvana so scared the Taliban would find and take when they searched their home? bread. fine clothing. her diary. books. 15. Multiple-choice. 3 minutes. 1 pt.Feb 26, 2016 · Essay, Pages 14 (3260 words) Views. 1186. The book Parvana is about an 11-year-old girl living in Afghanistan, under the extreme Taliban regime. The Taliban ban women from going outside without a man and Afghan women are forced to wear the burqa at all times in public. Her family lost almost everything due to the bombings/wars in Afghanistan. Parvana: The eleven-year-old heroine of The Breadwinner, risks her own life to help her family, even though she just wants to be a normal kid. Father : Parvana's dad, and a former teacher.Nooria is Parvana ’s 17-year-old sister. Nooria and Parvana’s relationship is strained because of their age difference and because Nooria seems, to Parvana, to be a fully-fledged adult—and a beautiful one at that. The girls… read analysis of NooriaHence, Parvana and her family's lives have been an ordeal since they came under rule. They've lost their privilege to attain an education and career - even the women's right to be unsupervised by a man while outside and are enforced to wear concealing clothing. The Taliban make a dramatic entry in the novel in chapter 10 as " four Taliban ... Parvana remembered arguments between her father and mother—her mother insisting they leave Afghanistan, her father insisting they stay. For the first time, Parvana wondered why her mother didn’t just leave. In an instant, she answered her own question. She couldn’t sneak away with four children to take care of. Parvana hears Father ’s voice in her head calling her Malali, and she begins to shout for Father as well. Finally, a soldier snatches the photograph and tears it up and another begins beating Mother. He tells her to go home. Another solider hits Parvana. When Parvana falls to the ground, she quickly gathers the pieces of the photograph.Parvana helps Mrs. Weera load her few items onto a loaned cart. Mrs. Weera shows Parvana a medal she managed to save. She proudly explains that she won the medal for being the fastest woman runner in Afghanistan. They finish the move quickly. Parvana, still energetic, offers to fetch water and take Maryam with her. Maryam is thrilled and Mrs ...Sep 25, 2012 · Parvana was, by far, the bravest girl I have read about. She does whatnot for the safety of everyone. I loved how Parvana let her silence make her imagination run wild and how she gave immense importance to reading and writing. She was a brilliant, brave and beautiful human being. Parvana hears Father ’s voice in her head calling her Malali, and she begins to shout for Father as well. Finally, a soldier snatches the photograph and tears it up and another begins beating Mother. He tells her to go home. Another solider hits Parvana. When Parvana falls to the ground, she quickly gathers the pieces of the photograph.Parvana notices a tear in the soldier’s eye. He says that his wife is dead. He found the letter in her things and wanted to know what it said. Remembering what Father did, Parvana asks if she should write a reply. The soldier shakes his head and pays Parvana. He walks away. Parvana is confused.Parvana’s parents had high-paying jobs and the family lived in a big house with servants, a fridge, and a car. Parvana shared a room with Maryam, but there was enough space. A bomb destroyed that house, and several of their increasingly smaller houses after that. Every time a bomb hit, the family got poorer.Who is Parvana Irani (Pipsy) In Rocket Boys Sony LIV Series, Relation With Homi J Bhabha, Real Name. Homi J Bhabha and Pipsy (Parvana Irani) together made a unique couple that challenged the moral notions of their times. Their companionship and togetherness were often questioned due to the lack of marital commitment between the two.Parvana lets out a gasp when she sees the boy’s face: the tea boy is Shauzia, a girl from her class. Chapter nine begins with Parvana whispering Shauzia’s name; she says to call her Shafiq. Shauzia says she’s doing the same thing as Parvana. Parvana sits stunned as she watches her friend blend into the crowd of tea boys. Sep 16, 2015 · Character Descriptions. Parvana is the main protagonist in the novel. She is the second eldest child in the family. Although she is only eleven years old, she has to handle a great amount of responsibility by being the breadwinner. Throughout the novel, Parvana’s character is seen as: courageous, strong, independent and caring. Parvana settled back in the truck beside her father. She popped a dried apricot into her mouth and rolled its sweetness around on her tongue. Through the dusty front windshield she could see Mount Parvana, the snow on its peak sparkling in the sun. Narrator, p. 141. The last lines of the novel end on a note of hope amidst the uncertainty ...Discover and share books you love on Goodreads.498 Words2 Pages. Parvana Essay The novel Parvana written by Deborah Ellis shows the reader the difficulties people have to face in everyday life in Afghanistan, where the Taliban take control of everyone. This book is mainly about Parvana a young girl who’s willing to take risks to support her family . her doings demonstrates independence ...Parvana Character Analysis. Parvana is the novel’s 11-year-old protagonist. She’s proud of being Afghan and adores Afghan history. She’s particularly fond of the historical figure Malali, who led Afghan troops to victory during the war with the British. Thinking of Malali often reminds Parvana to be brave.Parvana 's Journey Deborah Ellis novel study includes all lessons necessary to have a successful novel study unit including test, questions, activities, essay, worksheets, journal responses, etc. Your students will enjoy the rigor and creativity of this lesson built on best teaching practices.⭐Featured:90 Pages of solid curriculumVocabulary ...Parvana Character Analysis. Parvana is the novel’s 11-year-old protagonist. She’s proud of being Afghan and adores Afghan history. She’s particularly fond of the historical figure Malali, who led Afghan troops to victory during the war with the British. Thinking of Malali often reminds Parvana to be brave.Parvana. Parvana is not your typical eleven-year-old girl, but she would certainly like to be. She is living in Kabul—a city in Afghanistan—under Taliban rule, so she is surrounded by violence, oppression, and poverty… and before long, her family sees her as their only hope for survival. No pressure or anything though. Parvana's Journey. The Breadwinner, also known as Parvana, [1] is a children's novel by Deborah Ellis, [2] first published in 2001. As of October 2013, the English-language edition of the book has had a run of 39 editions. The title of the book refers to the role of the protagonist, 11-year-old Parvana, who is forced by circumstances to be the ...Feb 6, 2022 · Parvana Irani is like a partially fictional character. Parvana’s characterization and the whole storyline is created to have the influence of fiction in the show Rocket Boys. The character is mainly and highly inspired by Phiroza who is nicknamed “Pipsy” Wadia. Pipsy was considered Bhabha’s close friend. Parvana settled back in the truck beside her father. She popped a dried apricot into her mouth and rolled its sweetness around on her tongue. Through the dusty front windshield she could see Mount Parvana, the snow on its peak sparkling in the sun. Narrator, p. 141. The last lines of the novel end on a note of hope amidst the uncertainty ... The Breadwinner Summary. Next. Chapter 1. Eleven-year-old Parvana sits with Father in the market. He’s reading a letter for a customer. Until a year ago, when the Taliban took control of Kabul, Parvana was a happy student. She wasn’t particularly concerned when the Taliban closed schools and insisted girls couldn’t learn.Deborah Ellis’s new novel, My Name Is Parvana is a follow-up to her Breadwinner trilogy about 11-year old Parvana, who disguises herself as a boy in order to work and support her family, and her ...Parvana is a novel written by Deborah Ellis. Parvana and Shauzia are 2 young girls who life in a Taliban ruled country, known as Afghanistan. Both girls are faced with many difficulties throughout the novel. The 2 girls are given the chance to leave the war-torn country and Shauzia immediately takes this chance. Parvana is an 11-year-old girl who lives under Taliban rule in Afghanistan in 2001. After the wrongful arrest of her father, Parvana cuts off her hair and dresses like a boy to support her family.Summary. Chapter ten opens with the revelation that the plan to make money is to dig up bones. Parvana follows Shauzia with trepidation as they walk for an hour. Shauzia says they can use Father ’s blanket to haul away the bones. They watch boys fan out across the graveyard, where explosions have shaken up the graves. Malali Symbol Analysis. The historical figure Malali symbolizes Parvana ’s vision of how she’d like to be seen as an Afghan woman: strong, courageous, and capable of creating change in her country. Malali was a 19th-century young woman who inspired Afghan troops and led them to victory during the war with the British, and Father tells ...Parvana. Deborah Ellis. Allen & Unwin, 2002 - Afghanistan - 172 pages. There are many types of battle in Afghanistan. Imagine living in a country where women and girls are not allowed to leave the house without a man. Imagine having to wear clothes that cover every part of your body, including your face, whenever you go out. About Parvana. We are a recruitment company specialising in IT, telco & Finance with offices in South Africa and the United Kingdom. We are a highly skilled team that endeavours to provide a personal, efficient and value add service. PARVANA is Persian for butterfly. An unusual name for a recruitment agency perhaps, but we like to think it will ...Summary. Parvana and her mother arrive home from the prison very late. Parvana’s feet are covered in broken blisters, bloody and raw. Her mother’s feet are even worse. She hasn’t been out of the house since the Taliban took over Kabul. Parvana recalls an argument her parents often had, in which her father tried to get her mother to leave ...Parvana flies at the soldiers as they drag Father out and down the stairs. Two more soldiers dig through the cupboard and slash the toshaks. Parvana is terrified—Father has English books hidden in the bottom of the cupboard, and the Taliban often burns books. Parvana screams at the soldiers to leave until they turn to beating her. Parvana is the novel’s 11-year-old protagonist. She’s proud of being Afghan and adores Afghan history. She’s particularly fond of the historical figure Malali, who led Afghan troops to victory during the war with the British. Thinking of Malali often reminds Parvana to be brave. In many ways, Parvana is still a child, even though she has ... Parvana says they tried that and it only made things worse. One of the husbands from the women’s group volunteers to be the escort for the women traveling to Mazar. They would be traveling in the back of a truck. Parvana wanders the market looking for things to give her family for the trip. She buys a beaded pen case for Nooria.About Parvana. We are a recruitment company specialising in IT, telco & Finance with offices in South Africa and the United Kingdom. We are a highly skilled team that endeavours to provide a personal, efficient and value add service. PARVANA is Persian for butterfly. An unusual name for a recruitment agency perhaps, but we like to think it will ...In 2011, Ellis picked Parvana’s story up again when Parvana is 15 and captured by the U.S. military in My Name is Parvana. Many of Ellis’s children’s books, like The Breadwinner, begin with a visit to a country experiencing a humanitarian crisis and then focus on the resilience of the children caught up in that crisis.Discover and share books you love on Goodreads. 1. Parvana’s family knew something was wrong when she arrived home late and wet. Parvana was planning to show only part of the money to her family, thinking she would save the money for the tray. Why did she cry when asked about her day, and why did she show all of the money? 2. Did Mother want Parvana to continue digging bones?Parvana. Parvana, an 11-year-old Afghan girl, is a dynamic character who matures through the story. When the novel begins, Parvana helps her father reach the market. The Talibs they encounter reluctantly allow this; Parvana is not yet old enough to be expected to wear a burqa and remain behind a blacked-out window due to being female. Shop Pravana at Ulta Beauty. Free Shipping Offers & Free Store Pickup Available Same Day. Join ULTAmate Rewards To Earn Points.Parvana Health & Fitness, Airdrie, Alberta. 50 likes. A health and fitness business in Airdrie, AB offering face-to-face group exercise classes for 40+.From Parvana’s Journey © 2002 Written by Deborah Ellis Published by Groundwood Books Downloaded from www.groundwoodbooks.com PARVANA’S JOURNEY Parvana ’s family is close-knit, and her family members do everything they can to support one another, even with the presence of normal bickering between siblings. Friendship is an important source of support too—when Parvana is traversing Kabul disguised as the boy Kaseem, it’s her rediscovered friendship with an old school friend ...Everyone at Parvana is free to explore and work the way you want. Come join us!Parvana can because her parents are university-educated and believed in education for everyone, even girls. Her father had been to university in England, and so knows English. Parvana knows Dari and some Pashto. Parvana sees boys run around the market selling tea and whispers that she could do that. But she would rather be in school.Parvana relates a story about the mountain. She asked her father what the mountain name was and he answered: "Mount Parvana" (1.52). Father told her that people name mountains, so that's what he named this one; the whole liked that. Mrs. Weera Character Analysis. Shauzia. Mrs. Weera, an older woman, is a friend of Parvana ’s family. A former gym teacher, Mrs. Weera is tall and athletic, and she insists that she’s not afraid of the Taliban because she could outrun the soldiers—and outfight them if necessary. In her youth she was a runner and earned medals for her ...Plot Summary. Deborah Ellis’s 2012 young adult novel, My Name is Parvana, revisits the characters of her Breadwinner trilogy. In 2000, The Breadwinner introduced Parvana, an eleven-year-old girl living in Taliban-controlled Afghanistan who dresses as a boy to secure food for her family. Her story continues in Parvana’s Journey, and Mud City ... In the novel, ‘Parvana’ by Deborah Ellis, many characters experience change. Change is often thought of a process where a person or thing transform/convert to be different or becomes from one thing to another. It also means that to substitute another or other for exchange for something else, usually of the same kind.
Especially as Parvana and her mostly female family members see and experience it, this is disastrous: the Taliban, to supposedly protect women, mandates that they cannot leave the house except with a male family member as an escort and cannot attend school or work. This poses a number of issues for Parvana’s family—her father, like many .... Steel sale
Parvana is the novel’s 11-year-old protagonist. She’s proud of being Afghan and adores Afghan history. She’s particularly fond of the historical figure Malali , who led Afghan troops to victory during the war with the… The Breadwinner, also known as Parvana, is a children's novel by Deborah Ellis published in 2000. In 1996, Ellis spent several months visiting women and girls living in Pakistan's refugee camps ...Nov 23, 2017 · Un film de Nora TwomeyAdapté du roman de Deborah Ellis Une petite fille vivant en Afghanistan se déguise en garçon afin de pouvoir travailler et faire vivre ... Open Preview. Parvana's Journey Quotes Showing 1-14 of 14. “I didn't create this world,” she said to herself. “I only have to live in it.”. ― Deborah Ellis, Parvana's Journey. 7 likes. Like. “A lazy brain does no one any good.”.47120972. Followed by. Parvana's Journey. The Breadwinner, also known as Parvana, [1] is a children's novel by Deborah Ellis, [2] first published in 2001. As of October 2013, the English-language edition of the book has had a run of 39 editions. The title of the book refers to the role of the protagonist, 11-year-old Parvana, who is forced by ... wherever Parvana went, there was Nooria. Both of Parvana's parents had come from old respected Afghan families. With their education, they had earned high salaries. They had had a big house with a courtyard, a couple of servants, a television set, a refrigerator, a car. Nooria had had her own room. Parvana had shared a roomParvana’s parents had high-paying jobs and the family lived in a big house with servants, a fridge, and a car. Parvana shared a room with Maryam, but there was enough space. A bomb destroyed that house, and several of their increasingly smaller houses after that. Every time a bomb hit, the family got poorer.wherever Parvana went, there was Nooria. Both of Parvana's parents had come from old respected Afghan families. With their education, they had earned high salaries. They had had a big house with a courtyard, a couple of servants, a television set, a refrigerator, a car. Nooria had had her own room. Parvana had shared a room Sep 16, 2015 · Character Descriptions. Parvana is the main protagonist in the novel. She is the second eldest child in the family. Although she is only eleven years old, she has to handle a great amount of responsibility by being the breadwinner. Throughout the novel, Parvana’s character is seen as: courageous, strong, independent and caring. Feb 26, 2016 · Essay, Pages 14 (3260 words) Views. 1186. The book Parvana is about an 11-year-old girl living in Afghanistan, under the extreme Taliban regime. The Taliban ban women from going outside without a man and Afghan women are forced to wear the burqa at all times in public. Her family lost almost everything due to the bombings/wars in Afghanistan. Analysis. Parvana and Mother get home late. Parvana is exhausted and in excruciating pain. When she takes off her sandals, she sees that her feet are bloody and covered in blisters. Mother’s feet are worse; she hasn’t been out since the Taliban took over a year and a half ago. She could’ve gone out— Father would’ve taken her any time ...Parvana’s Journey by Deborah Ellis follows 13-year-old Parvana as she makes her way across war-torn Afghanistan in search of her mother and siblings. Published in 2002, this novel is a sequel to the international bestseller The Breadwinner, which was adapted as a 2017 animated film, and is the second in a series of four called The Breadwinner series. Open Preview. Parvana's Journey Quotes Showing 1-14 of 14. “I didn't create this world,” she said to herself. “I only have to live in it.”. ― Deborah Ellis, Parvana's Journey. 7 likes. Like. “A lazy brain does no one any good.”.Discover and share books you love on Goodreads.One place for application of Driving School License. Book/ Modify Online test appointments. Explore the plethora of services related to Driving License. Various services related to registration of vehicle/already registered vehicle like Appointment Booking, Application Status, Duplicate Registration, Change of Address, Transfer of Ownership ...Parvana spends her first morning back in the market writing letters. The Window Woman drops a red wooden bead. As Parvana rolls it between her fingers, she thinks of Nooria. Nooria hasn’t been nasty to Parvana in a while. Parvana wonders if she’s changed or if Nooria has. In any case, arguing with Nooria no longer makes sense. Parvana hears Father ’s voice in her head calling her Malali, and she begins to shout for Father as well. Finally, a soldier snatches the photograph and tears it up and another begins beating Mother. He tells her to go home. Another solider hits Parvana. When Parvana falls to the ground, she quickly gathers the pieces of the photograph.We are IT recruitment specialist, specialising in the fields of Software Development, Finance, and Telecommunications. With a presence in both South Africa and the United Kingdom, we bring a global perspective to our services. Our dedicated team is comprised of highly skilled professionals, committed to delivering a personalised, efficient, and ....